In general, the old queen starts laying eggs into queen cups when conditions are right for swarming or supersedure. Worker bees will only further build up the queen cup once the queen has laid an egg in a queen cup. Queen cells start out as queen cups, which are larger than the cells of normal brood comb and are oriented vertically instead of horizontally. The fully constructed queen cells have a peanut-like shape and texture. Queens are raised in specially constructed queen cells. As a result of the difference in diet, the queen will develop into a sexually mature female, unlike the worker bees. All bee larvae are fed some royal jelly for the first few days after hatching but only queen larvae are fed the jelly exclusively. Worker larva are fed bee bread which is a mixture of nectar and pollen. Queens are fed only royal jelly, a protein-rich secretion from glands on the heads of young workers. Diet in the larval stage determines whether the bee will develop into a queen or a worker. Any fertilized egg has the potential to become a queen. If they are successful, they fall to the ground and die after copulation. While male bees serve no architectural or pollinating purpose, their primary function (if they are healthy enough) is to mate with a queen bee. Queen larvae floating on royal jelly in opened queen cups laid on top of wax combĭuring the warm parts of the year, female "worker" bees leave the hive every day to collect nectar and pollen.
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